ASSESSMENT OF THYROID PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Dr. Pankaj Kothiwala*, Dr. Arun Kumar Kothiwala, Dr. Rahul Kumar Kothiwala, Dr. Govind Sharan Sharma
Publication Date: 2026/08/26
DOI: 10.59551/DOI: 10.59551/IJHMP/25832069/2026.7.2.136
Abstract
<p>Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, which significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in regulating metabolism, and their dysfunction has been increasingly associated with components of MetS.</p>
<p>Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome and to determine the association between thyroid hormone abnormalities and various metabolic parameters.</p>
<p>Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the various departments of the National Institute of Medical Sciences Research & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, where patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome were evaluated for thyroid function. The study was conducted over 18 months. A total of 134 patients aged ≥18 years with metabolic syndrome were enrolled after applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria and obtaining written informed consent. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a semi-structured proforma. Thyroid profile was assessed by measuring serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4). Data thus analysed categorically and continuous variables were represented as frequencies and percentages.</p>
<p>Results: The mean age of the participants was 50.50 ± 8.91 years with 66 (49.3%) were male and 68 (50.7%) were female. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 143.0 ± 6.42 mmHg and 88.72 ± 3.87 mmHg, respectively. The mean serum TSH, T3, and T4 levels were 7.25 ± 2.90 µIU/mL, 0.79 ± 0.23 ng/mL, and 5.04 ± 1.02 µg/dL, respectively. Overall, thyroid dysfunction was observed in 92 of 134 participants (68.4%), whereas 42 (31.6%) were euthyroid. Overt hypothyroidism was observed in 41 participants (30.7%), hypothyroidism in 29 (21.9%), and subclinical hypothyroidism in 21 (15.8%).</p>
<p>Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction, predominantly hypothyroid states, was frequently observed among patients with metabolic syndrome in this study. The high occurrence of thyroid abnormalities emphasizes the importance of routine thyroid function assessment in patients with metabolic syndrome. Early identification and correction of thyroid abnormalities may improve metabolic control, reduce complications, and contribute to better long-term outcomes.</p>
<p>KEYWORDS: Metabolic Syndrome, Thyroid Dysfunction, Hypothyroidism, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Subclinical hypothyroidism. </p>
References
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